The Longitudinal Indian Family Health (LIFE) Study, initiated in 2009, aims to understand how environmental, infectious, lifestyle, metabolic, and genetic factors influence pregnancy outcomes and child development in India. By following women from pre-pregnancy through pregnancy and beyond, LIFE seeks to uncover the root causes of adverse outcomes such as pregnancy loss, preterm birth, and low birth weight, as well as developmental and childhood disorders. Additionally, the study investigates early risk factors for cardiovascular disease to inform prevention strategies across the life course.